Mgwirizanowu unafikiridwa pa nthawi ya msonkhano wa mayiko a United States ndi European Union ku Rome, ndipo udzapitirizabe njira zina zotetezera malonda kuti ulemekeze mabungwe ogwira ntchito zachitsulo omwe amathandizira Purezidenti Biden.
WASHINGTON — Boma la Biden lalengeza Loweruka kuti lafika pa mgwirizano wochepetsa mitengo ya zitsulo ndi aluminiyamu ku Europe. Akuluakulu adati mgwirizanowu uchepetsa mtengo wa katundu monga magalimoto ndi makina ochapira, kuchepetsa mpweya woipa wa carbon, ndikuthandizira Kupititsa patsogolo ntchito ya unyolo woperekera katundu.
Mgwirizanowu unafikiridwa pa nthawi ya msonkhano pakati pa Purezidenti Biden ndi atsogoleri ena apadziko lonse pamsonkhano wa G20 ku Rome. Cholinga chake ndi kuchepetsa mikangano yamalonda ya transatlantic, yomwe idakhazikitsidwa ndi Purezidenti wakale Donald Trump (Donald J. Trump) yomwe idapangitsa kuti iwonongeke, boma la Trump lidakhazikitsa msonkho poyamba. Bambo Biden wanena momveka bwino kuti akufuna kukonzanso ubale ndi European Union, koma mgwirizanowu ukuonekanso kuti wapangidwa mosamala kuti apewe kusokoneza mabungwe a US ndi opanga omwe amathandizira Bambo Biden.
Yasiya njira zina zotetezera mafakitale a zitsulo ndi aluminiyamu aku America, ndipo yasintha mitengo ya 25% yomwe ilipo pazitsulo zaku Europe ndi 10% pa aluminiyamu kukhala zomwe zimatchedwa tariff quotas. Makonzedwe amenewa akhoza kukwaniritsa milingo yapamwamba yamitengo yochokera kunja. Misonkho yapamwamba.
Mgwirizanowu udzathetsa msonkho wobwezera wa EU pazinthu zaku America kuphatikizapo madzi a lalanje, bourbon ndi njinga zamoto. Udzapewanso kuyika msonkho wowonjezera pazinthu zaku America zomwe zikuyembekezeka kuyamba kugwira ntchito pa Disembala 1.
Nduna ya Zamalonda Gina Raimondo (Gina Raimondo) anati: "Tikuyembekezera kwathunthu kuti pamene tikuwonjezera mitengo ndi 25% ndikuwonjezera kuchuluka kwa zinthu, mgwirizanowu udzachepetsa katundu pa unyolo wopereka katundu ndikuchepetsa kukwera kwa ndalama."
Mu msonkhano ndi atolankhani, Mayi Raimundo adati mgwirizanowu umalola dziko la United States ndi European Union kukhazikitsa njira yoganizira za mphamvu ya kaboni popanga zitsulo ndi aluminiyamu, zomwe zingawathandize kupanga zinthu zoyera kuposa European Union. Zopangidwa ku China.
"Kusowa kwa miyezo ya chilengedwe ku China ndi chimodzi mwa zifukwa zomwe zimapangitsa kuti ndalama zichepe, komanso ndi chifukwa chachikulu chomwe chikuchititsa kusintha kwa nyengo," adatero Mayi Raimundo.
Boma la Trump litatsimikiza kuti zitsulo zakunja ndi chiwopsezo cha chitetezo cha dziko, linakhazikitsa msonkho pa mayiko ambiri, kuphatikizapo mayiko a EU.
Bambo Biden adalumbira kugwira ntchito limodzi ndi Ulaya. Adafotokoza kuti Ulaya ndi mnzawo wothandizana naye polimbana ndi kusintha kwa nyengo komanso kupikisana ndi mayiko olamulira monga China. Koma wakhala akukakamizidwa ndi opanga zitsulo aku America ndi mabungwe kuti amupemphe kuti asachotseretu zopinga zamalonda, zomwe zimathandiza kuteteza mafakitale am'dzikolo ku zitsulo zotsika mtengo zakunja.
Kugulitsaku ndi gawo lomaliza la boma la Biden kuti athetse nkhondo yamalonda ya Trump yodutsa nyanja ya Atlantic. Mu June, akuluakulu aku US ndi Europe adalengeza kutha kwa mkangano wa zaka 17 wokhudza ndalama zothandizira pakati pa Airbus ndi Boeing. Kumapeto kwa Seputembala, United States ndi Europe adalengeza kukhazikitsidwa kwa mgwirizano watsopano wamalonda ndi ukadaulo ndipo adagwirizana pa msonkho wocheperako padziko lonse lapansi kumayambiriro kwa mwezi uno.
Malinga ndi anthu odziwa bwino nkhaniyi, malinga ndi malamulo atsopanowa, EU idzaloledwa kutumiza matani 3.3 miliyoni a zitsulo ku United States popanda msonkho chaka chilichonse, ndipo ndalama zilizonse zopitilira izi zidzalipidwa msonkho wa 25%. Zinthu zomwe sizilipidwa msonkho chaka chino zidzalipidwanso kwakanthawi.
Panganoli lidzaletsanso zinthu zomwe zamalizidwa ku Ulaya koma zikugwiritsa ntchito zitsulo zochokera ku China, Russia, South Korea ndi mayiko ena. Kuti zinthu zachitsulo zikhale zoyenera kuperekedwa popanda msonkho, ziyenera kupangidwa ku European Union kokha.
Jack Sullivan, mlangizi wa chitetezo cha dziko wa purezidenti, anati mgwirizanowu wachotsa "chimodzi mwa zinthu zazikulu kwambiri zomwe zimalimbikitsa ubale wa US-EU."
Mabungwe ogwirizana ndi zitsulo ku United States adayamikira mgwirizanowu, ponena kuti mgwirizanowu udzachepetsa kutumiza kunja kwa dziko la Europe kukhala kotsika kwambiri m'mbiri. United States idatumiza matani 4.8 miliyoni a zitsulo zaku Europe mu 2018, zomwe zidatsika kufika pa matani 3.9 miliyoni mu 2019 ndi matani 2.5 miliyoni mu 2020.
Mu lipoti lake, Thomas M. Conway, Purezidenti wa United Steelworkers International, anati dongosololi “lidzaonetsetsa kuti mafakitale akunyumba ku United States akupitilizabe kupikisana ndipo akhoza kukwaniritsa zosowa zathu zachitetezo ndi zomangamanga.”
Mark Duffy, mkulu wa bungwe la American Primary Aluminium Association, anati malondawa “apitirizabe kugwira ntchito bwino kwa misonkho ya a Trump” ndipo “nthawi yomweyo atilola kuthandizira kupitiriza kuyika ndalama mumakampani opanga aluminiyamu aku US ndikupanga ntchito zambiri ku Alcoa.”
Iye anati makonzedwe amenewa athandiza makampani opanga aluminiyamu aku America poletsa zinthu zomwe sizili ndi msonkho kutumizidwa kunja kukhala zotsika kwambiri m'mbiri.
Mayiko ena akuyenerabe kulipira misonkho ya US kapena magawo ake, kuphatikizapo United Kingdom, Japan, ndi South Korea. Bungwe la zamalonda la ku America, lomwe limatsutsa misonkho yachitsulo, linati mgwirizanowu sukwanira.
Myron Brilliant, wachiwiri kwa purezidenti wamkulu wa bungwe la zamalonda ku US, anati mgwirizanowu "upereka mpumulo kwa opanga aku US omwe akuvutika ndi mitengo yokwera yachitsulo ndi kusowa kwachitsulo, koma pakufunika kuchitapo kanthu kena."
"United States iyenera kusiya zonena zopanda umboni zoti zitsulo zomwe zimatumizidwa kuchokera ku Britain, Japan, South Korea ndi mabwenzi ena apamtima zimawopseza chitetezo cha dziko lathu - ndikuchepetsa misonkho ndi zowerengera nthawi imodzi," adatero.