Posankha zinthu zamafakitale, funso lakuti, “Ndi iti yabwino, nickel kapena copper?” ndi funso lofala kwa makasitomala. Komabe, kwenikweni, palibe “yabwino kwambiri” yeniyeni, koma “yoyenera kwambiri”—nickel imachita bwino kwambiri polimbana ndi dzimbiri komanso kutentha kwambiri, pomwe copper imapereka mphamvu zamagetsi komanso kugwiritsa ntchito bwino ndalama. Iliyonse imagwiritsa ntchito mphamvu zake m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Kuyambira pa zinthu zazikulu, malo ogwiritsira ntchito, ndi ntchito zothandiza, nkhaniyi ikuthandizani kufotokoza bwino mfundo yosankha pakati pa nickel ndi copper, zomwe zingakuthandizeni kupeza yankho loyenera kwambiri la zinthu zomwe mukufuna.
Choyamba, tebulo ili m'munsimu likuwonetsa kufananiza bwino kwa makhalidwe ofunikira ndi njira zosinthira pakati panikeli(kutengera zinthu zathu za nickel, zokhala ndi chiyero cha ≥99.95%) ndimkuwa(mkuwa weniweni wa mafakitale, wokhala ndi chiyero cha ≥99.9%):
| Kuyerekeza Kukula | Nickel (Zinthu Zoyera za Nickel) | Mkuwa (Mkuwa Woyera wa Mafakitale) | Mfundo Yosinthira Zinthu Zazikulu |
| Kuyendetsa Magetsi | Kuyendetsa: 22.1×10⁶ S/m | Mphamvu yoyendetsera: 58.5×10⁶ S/m (pafupifupi 2.6x kuposa ya nickel) | Sankhani mkuwa pazochitika zonse zoyendetsera magetsi; sankhani nikeli pazochitika zonse zoyendetsera magetsi zomwe zimafuna kukana dzimbiri/kukana kutentha kwambiri. |
| Kukana Kudzikundikira | Yolimbana ndi dzimbiri la asidi, alkali, ndi madzimadzi amthupi (yogwirizana ndi muyezo wa ISO 10993), yopanda dzimbiri pambuyo pomizidwa m'madzi a m'nyanja kwa maola 1000. | Amakonda kusungunuka ndi kupangika kwa patina, kukana asidi/alkali kofooka, ndipo ndi oyenera malo ouma/osawonongeka pang'ono. | Sankhani nikeli kuti mugwiritse ntchito powononga zinthu (makampani opanga mankhwala, zachipatala, zam'madzi); sankhani mkuwa kuti mugwiritse ntchito powononga zinthu zouma komanso zapadziko lonse. |
| Kukana Kutentha Kwambiri | Malo osungunuka: 1455℃, kutentha kwa nthawi yayitali mpaka 1200℃ | Malo osungunuka: 1083℃, kutentha kwa ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali ≤300℃ | Sankhani nikeli pazochitika zotentha kwambiri (zipangizo zotenthetsera, ndege); sankhani mkuwa pazochitika zotentha pang'ono/kutentha kwa chipinda |
| Makina ndi Kuthekera Kokonza | Kulimba kwabwino kwa kutentha kochepa (kukhoza kupindika pa -200℃), kumatha kukokedwa mu mawaya ofewa kwambiri a 0.05mm | Kusinthasintha kwabwino kwambiri, kosavuta kusindikiza ndi kupindika, mtengo wotsika wokonza | Sankhani nikeli kuti mupeze zinthu zotentha kwambiri/zabwino kwambiri; sankhani mkuwa kuti mupeze zinthu zovuta/zotsika mtengo. |
| Mafomu Odziwika Bwino a Zamalonda | Waya woyera wa nickel, mzere wa alloy wa nickel, zojambulazo za nickel | Waya wamkuwa, busbar yamkuwa, foil yamkuwa | Gwirizanitsani mawonekedwe a chinthucho ndi zosowa zake; timapereka mawonekedwe osinthika a nickel/copper-nickel alloys |
Poganizira zochitika zogwiritsira ntchito, kusiyana kwa kusankha pakati pa ziwirizi n'komveka bwino:
Pankhani ya mawaya amagetsi, mkuwa ndi wofunika kwambiri pa mawaya amagetsi apakhomo ndi zingwe zotsika mphamvu—umakwaniritsa zosowa zoyambira zoyendetsera chifukwa cha mawaya ake okwera mphamvu komanso mtengo wotsika. Komabe, nickel ndi yofunika kwambiri pa mawaya amkati a zida zamankhwala (monga mawaya a glucometer probe) ndi mawaya a chizindikiro cha zida zoyendera m'mlengalenga: woyamba umafuna kukana dzimbiri lamadzimadzi amthupi, pomwe wachiwiri umafunika kukana kutentha kochepa (pansi pa -50℃ pamalo okwera). Mawaya athu oyera a nickel omwe amasinthidwa kukhala 0.002mm asinthidwa ndi makampani ambiri azachipatala/aerospace.
Muzochitika zosagwira dzimbiri, nickel (osati mkuwa) imasankhidwa kuti igwiritsidwe ntchito posungiramo zinthu ndi zida zam'madzi: mkuwa umawononga mkati mwa mwezi umodzi m'madzi amchere kapena m'malo okhala ndi asidi, pomwe zinthu zosungiramo zinthu zopangidwa ndi mbale zathu za nickel zakhalabe zopanda madzi patatha zaka zitatu zikugwiritsidwa ntchito m'makampani opanga mankhwala. Komabe, mkuwa uli ndi mwayi wowoneka bwino wogwiritsa ntchito zokongoletsa zomangamanga ndi zolumikizira wamba m'malo ouma.
Mu ntchito zotentha kwambiri, nickel yokha ndi yomwe ingagwiritsidwe ntchito potenthetsera zinthu zotenthetsera ndi mawaya a masensa otulutsa utsi wamagalimoto: mkuwa umafewa ndikuwonongeka kutentha kopitilira 500℃, pomwe zinthu zotenthetsera zopangidwa ndi mawaya athu oyera a nickel zimatha kugwira ntchito bwino pa 1200℃ mu uvuni zamafakitale kwa maola opitilira 5000. Pakutenthetsera kutentha kwa chipinda (monga, zotenthetsera zamagetsi zochepa m'zida zapakhomo), mkuwa ungasankhidwe kuti uchepetse ndalama.
Chodziwika bwino n'chakuti, pamene nkhani ikufuna "kuyendetsa bwino kwa mkuwa + kukana dzimbiri kwa nickel," zinthu zathu zopangidwa ndi mkuwa ndi nickel alloy (monga CuNi40) ndiye njira yabwino kwambiri—zimasunga ubwino wa kuyendetsa bwino kwa mkuwa (kuyendetsa bwino: 15×10⁶ S/m) pomwe zimakhala ndi kukana dzimbiri kwa nickel (kukana dzimbiri kwa madzi a m'nyanja pafupi ndi nickel yeniyeni), ndipo zakhala zikugwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zingwe zam'madzi ndi zida zochotsera mchere m'madzi a m'nyanja.
Mwachidule, chinsinsi chosankha pakati pa nickel ndi mkuwa chili mu "kaya pakufunika kukana dzimbiri, kukana kutentha kwambiri, kapena kukana kutentha kochepa kwambiri": ngati zinthu izi zikufunika, nickel ndi chisankho chodalirika kwambiri; ngati pakufunika conductivity yoyambira, mtengo wotsika, komanso kukonza kosavuta, mkuwa ndi woyenera kwambiri. Ngati simukudziwabe za kusankha zinthu, chonde musazengereze kulankhulana nafe—titha kupereka zitsanzo za nickel, mkuwa, ndi copper-nickel alloys mkati mwa maola 72 kutengera magawo anu (monga kutentha, pakati, zofunikira pa conductivity),kukuthandizani kufananiza bwino yankho la zinthuzo.
Nthawi yotumizira: Okutobala-27-2025
