AChida chilichonse chotenthetsera magetsi chili ndi mphamvu yotenthetsera. Kaya chidacho ndi chachikulu bwanji, kaya ndi kutentha kwambiri, mafuta odzaza, kapena mphamvu ya fan, mkati mwake muli chinthu chotenthetsera chomwe ntchito yake ndi kusintha magetsi kukhala kutentha.

SNthawi zina mumatha kuwona chinthu chotenthetsera, chikuwala chotentha kwambiri kudzera mu grille yoteteza. Nthawi zina chimabisika mkati, chotetezedwa ndi zikwama zachitsulo ndi pulasitiki, koma kupopera kutentha konse kumatulutsa. Chomwe chinthu chotenthetseracho chimapangidwa ndi momwe chimapangidwira zimakhudza mwachindunji momwe chotenthetseracho chimagwirira ntchito, komanso nthawi yomwe chidzapitirire kugwira ntchito.

Waya Wotsutsa

BKomabe, zinthu zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri potenthetsera ndi mawaya achitsulo kapena riboni, omwe nthawi zambiri amatchedwa waya wotsutsa. Izi zitha kukulungidwa mwamphamvu kapena kugwiritsidwa ntchito ngati mizere yosalala, kutengera kapangidwe ka chipangizocho. Waya ukakhala wautali, umapanga kutentha kwambiri.

TNgakhale kuti mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya alloys imagwiritsidwa ntchito pazinthu zapadera,Nichromeikadali yotchuka kwambiri yogwiritsidwa ntchito pa zotenthetsera ndi zida zina zazing'ono.Nichrome 80/20 ndi aloyi ya 80% nickel ndi 20% chromium.Makhalidwe amenewa amachititsa kuti ikhale chinthu chabwino chotenthetsera:

1. Kukana kwakukulu
2. Zosavuta kugwira ntchito ndi mawonekedwe
3. Sizimasungunuka kapena kuwonongeka mumlengalenga, kotero zimakhala nthawi yayitali
4. Sizimakula kwambiri zikatentha
5. Malo osungunuka kwambiri pafupifupi 2550°F (1400°C)

OMa alloy omwe amapezeka kwambiri mu zinthu zotenthetsera ndi monga Kanthal (FeCrAl) ndi Cupronickel (CuNi), ngakhale kuti izi sizigwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri mu zotenthetsera zamlengalenga.

Zotenthetsera zadothi

RPosachedwapa, zinthu zotenthetsera za ceramic zakhala zikutchuka kwambiri. Izi zimagwira ntchito motsatira njira zomwezo zotetezera magetsi monga waya wotsutsa, kupatulapo chitsulocho chimalowetsedwa m'malo ndi mbale za ceramic za PTC.

PTC ceramic (nthawi zambiri barium titanate, BaTiO3) imatchedwa choncho chifukwa ili ndi mphamvu yofanana ya kutentha, zomwe zikutanthauza kuti kukana kumawonjezeka ikatenthedwa. Kapangidwe kameneka kodziletsa kamagwira ntchito ngati thermostat yachilengedwe - zinthu za ceramic zimatentha mwachangu, koma zimachepa kutentha kukafika pamlingo wodziwika bwino. Kutentha kukakwera, kukana kumawonjezeka, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kuchepe. Izi zimapangitsa kuti kutentha kukhale kofanana popanda kusintha kwa mphamvu.

TUbwino wa ma heater a ceramic ndi awa:

1. Kutenthetsa mwachangu
2. Kutentha kochepa pamwamba, chiopsezo chotsika cha moto
3. Moyo wautali
4. Ntchito yodzilamulira

IMu ma heater ambiri amlengalenga, mapanelo a ceramic amapangidwa ngati chisa cha uchi, ndipo amamangiriridwa ku ma baffle a aluminiyamu omwe amatsogolera kutentha kuchokera mu heater kupita mlengalenga, popanda thandizo la fan.

Nyali Zotentha Zowala Kapena Zowala za Infrared

TUlusi mu babu umagwira ntchito ngati waya woteteza, ngakhale kuti umapangidwa ndi tungsten kuti kuwala kutuluke kwambiri ukatenthedwa (ndiko kuti, kuwala). Ulusi wotentha umayikidwa mu galasi kapena quartz, womwe umadzazidwa ndi mpweya wosagwira ntchito kapena mpweya wotuluka kuti utetezedwe ku okosijeni.

Indi chotenthetsera chamlengalenga, ulusi wa nyali yotenthetsera nthawi zambiri umakhalaNichrome, ndipo mphamvu imaperekedwa kudzera mu izo ndi mphamvu yochepera kuposa mphamvu yayikulu, kotero kuti ulusiwo umatulutsa infrared m'malo mwa kuwala kooneka. Kuphatikiza apo, quartz sheathing nthawi zambiri imakhala yofiira kuti ichepetse kuwala kooneka komwe kumatuluka (zingakhale zopweteka m'maso mwathu, apo ayi). Chinthu chotenthetsera nthawi zambiri chimakhala ndi chowunikira chomwe chimatsogolera kutentha mbali imodzi.

TUbwino wa nyali zotentha zowala ndi:

1. Palibe nthawi yotenthetsera, mumamva kutentha nthawi yomweyo
2. Gwirani ntchito mwakachetechete, chifukwa palibe mpweya wotentha womwe umafunika fani
3. Perekani kutentha kwa malo otseguka komanso panja, komwe mpweya wotentha ungatulukire

NKaya chotenthetsera chanu chili ndi mtundu wanji wa chinthu chotenthetsera, pali ubwino umodzi womwe onse ali nawo: zotenthetsera zamagetsi zoteteza magetsi zimagwira ntchito bwino pafupifupi 100%. Izi zikutanthauza kuti magetsi onse omwe amalowa mu resistor amasanduka kutentha kwa malo anu. Umenewo ndi ubwino womwe aliyense angayamikire, makamaka nthawi ikafika yolipira mabilu!