Ndi gawo la mankhwala ndi chizindikiro cha mankhwala ni a atomiki nambala 28. Ndi zitsulo zoyera zoyera zagolide mu mtundu wake woyera. Nickel ndi chitsulo chosinthira, cholimba komanso chepe. Ntchito zamankhwala za nickel yoyera ndizokwera kwambiri, ndipo ntchitoyi imatha kuwoneka mu ufa pomwe malo ophunzitsira amakulitsidwa pang'onopang'ono, koma chitsulo cham'madzi chozungulira chifukwa cha mpweya wotetezedwa chifukwa cha oxide otetezedwa. zinthu. Ngakhale zili choncho, chifukwa cha ntchito yokwanira pakati pa nickel ndi okosijeni, ndizovuta kuti mupeze nickel yachilengedwe padziko lapansi. Nickel mwachilengedwe padziko lapansi yatsekedwa m'mafano akuluakulu a Nickel, chifukwa meteorist alibe mwayi wopeza mpweya ukakhala m'mlengalenga. Padziko lapansi, nickel yachilengedweyi imaphatikizidwa nthawi zonse ndi chitsulo, ndikuwonetsa kuti ndiye chimaliziro chachikulu chogulitsa supernoosnthesis. Amakhulupirira kuti maziko a dziko lapansi amapangidwa ndi osakaniza ndi chitsulo.
Kugwiritsa ntchito Nickel (chilengedwe chachilengedwe-iroy) masiku ano mpaka 3500 BC. Axel Frederick Konstedt anali woyamba kupatula nickel ndikufotokozera ngati gawo la mankhwala mu 1751, ngakhale poyamba anali kutanthauza za mkuwa wamkuwa. Dzina lachilendo la Nickel limachokera ku nsuu wa nandolo dzina la mayina omweyo ndi nthano yam'madzi a ku Germany (nickel, yemwe ndi wokalamba "kwa mdierekezi wa Chingerezi). . Gwero lachuma kwambiri la nickel ndi chitsulo chopanda ironite, chomwe chimakhala ndi 1-2% Nickel. Mchere wina wofunikira wa nickel amaphatikiza ndi Pentelandite ndi pentellite. Opanga zazikulu za nickel amaphatikizapo dera la soderbury ku Canada (omwe nthawi zambiri amakhulupirira kuti ndi njira ya meteorite), Cadonia yatsopano ku Pacific Ocean, ndi Norsalk ku Russia.
Chifukwa a Nickel amakomedwa pang'onopang'ono kutentha kwa firiji, amadziwika kuti ndi ogonjetseka. Chifukwa cha izi, nickel yakhala ikugwiritsidwa ntchito kuti ipange malo osiyanasiyana, monga chitsulo (monga chitsulo ndi mkuwa), mkati mwa zida zamagetsi zonyezimira (monga Sickel siliva). Pafupifupi 6% ya ntchito yapadziko lonse lapansi imagwiritsidwabe ntchito poyendetsa ma nickel oyera. Nickel kale anali gawo lodziwika bwino la ndalama, koma izi zasinthidwa ndi chitsulo chotsika mtengo, osachepera chifukwa anthu ena amakhala ndi khungu lakhungu. Ngakhale izi, Britain idayamba kupanga ndalama ku Nickel kachiwiri mu 2012, pa zotsutsa za akatswiri a Dermatogi.
Nickel ndi amodzi mwa zinthu zinayi zokha zomwe ndi Ferromagnetric pa kutentha kwa chipinda. Maginito okhazikika a nickel okhazikika amakhala ndi mphamvu zamatsenga pakati pa chitsulo chachitsulo ndi maginito osatha okhala ndi maginito okhazikika. Udindo wa Nickel mu dziko lamakono ndi chifukwa cha mitundu yake yosiyanasiyana. Pafupifupi 60% ya Nickel amapanga zitsulo zosiyanasiyana za nickel (makamaka chitsulo chosapanga dzimbiri). Ziwonetsero zina zofala, komanso zina zambiri zapamwamba, pafupifupi pafupifupi zonse za dziko lonse lapansi. Mankhwala amagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga akaunti yochepera 3 peresenti ya kupanga kwa nickel. Monga phula, nickel ali ndi magwiridwe angapo popanga mankhwala, mwachitsanzo monga chothandizira cha hydrogenzaation. Mchere wa michere ndi mbewu zomwe zimagwiritsa ntchito nickel monga tsamba logwira, kotero nickel ndi michere yofunika kwa iwo. [1]