Mawaya a aloyi a fecral a zingwe za waya nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi chitsulo cha kaboni chosagwiritsidwa ntchito popanga zitsulo zokhala ndi mpweya wa carbon wa 0.4 mpaka 0.95%. Mphamvu yayikulu kwambiri ya mawaya a zingwe imathandiza kuti zingwe za waya zithandizire mphamvu zazikulu zomangirira komanso kuthamanga pamwamba pa mitolo yokhala ndi mainchesi ang'onoang'ono.

Mu zingwe zotchedwa mtanda, mawaya a zigawo zosiyanasiyana amawoloka wina ndi mnzake. Mu zingwe zowoloka zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, kutalika kwa waya wonse kumakhala kofanana ndipo mawaya a zigawo ziwiri zilizonse zoyikidwa pamwamba ndi ofanana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti pakhale kulumikizana kwa mzere. Waya wa gawo lakunja umathandizidwa ndi mawaya awiri a gawo lamkati. Mawaya awa ndi oyandikana nawo kutalika konse kwa chingwe. Zingwe zowoloka zofanana zimapangidwa nthawi imodzi. Kulimba kwa zingwe za waya ndi mtundu uwu wa chingwe nthawi zonse kumakhala kwakukulu kuposa kwa omwe (osagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri) ndi zingwe zowoloka. Zingwe zowoloka zofanana ndi zigawo ziwiri za waya zimakhala ndi Filler, Seale kapena Warrington.

Mwachidule, zingwe zozungulira ndi zingwe zozungulira chifukwa zimakhala ndi mawaya ozungulira omwe amayikidwa pakati pomwe waya umodzi kapena kuposerapo umayikidwa mbali ina yosiyana ndi waya wakunja. Zingwe zozungulira zimatha kuyikidwa muyeso woti sizizungulira zomwe zikutanthauza kuti mphamvu ya chingwe imakhala pafupifupi zero. Chingwe chotseguka chozungulira chimakhala ndi mawaya ozungulira okha. Chingwe chozungulira chotsekedwa theka ndi chingwe chozungulira chotsekedwa nthawi zonse chimakhala ndi pakati chopangidwa ndi mawaya ozungulira. Zingwe zozungulira zotsekedwa zimakhala ndi zingwe zakunja chimodzi kapena zingapo. Zili ndi ubwino woti kapangidwe kake kamaletsa dothi ndi madzi kulowa kwambiri ndipo zimawatetezanso ku mafuta otayira. Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi ubwino wina wofunikira kwambiri chifukwa malekezero a waya wakunja wosweka sangachoke mu chingwe ngati ali ndi miyeso yoyenera.
Waya wopindika umapangidwa ndi mawaya ang'onoang'ono angapo omangiriridwa pamodzi kuti apange kondakitala yayikulu. Waya wopindika ndi wosinthasintha kuposa waya wolimba wokhala ndi gawo lomwelo. Waya wopindika umagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene pakufunika kukana kwambiri kutopa kwachitsulo. Zinthu zoterezi zimaphatikizapo kulumikizana pakati pa mabwalo ozungulira m'zida zosindikizidwa zambiri, komwe kulimba kwa waya wolimba kungapangitse kupsinjika kwakukulu chifukwa choyenda panthawi yokonza kapena kukonza; zingwe za AC zamagetsi; chida choimbirachingwembewa ya pakompyutachingwes; zingwe za ma elekitirodi zowotcherera; zingwe zowongolera zolumikiza zida zosuntha za makina; zingwe za makina odulira migodi; zingwe za makina otsamira; ndi zina zambiri.