Fecral alloy mawaya a zingwe zamawaya nthawi zambiri amapangidwa ndi chitsulo chopanda aloyi cha kaboni chokhala ndi mpweya wa 0,4 mpaka 0.95%.Kulimba kwambiri kwa mawaya a zingwe kumathandizira kuti zingwe zizigwira ntchito mwamphamvu komanso kuthamangitsa mitolo yokhala ndi ma diameter ang'onoang'ono.

Zomwe zimatchedwa mtanda zimayika zingwe, mawaya amagulu osiyanasiyana amawoloka.M'zingwe zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri, kutalika kwa zigawo zonse za waya kumakhala kofanana ndipo mawaya a zigawo ziwiri zomwe zili pamwamba zimakhala zofanana, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zigwirizane.Waya wosanjikiza wakunja amathandizidwa ndi mawaya awiri amkati.Mawayawa ndi oyandikana nawo kutalika konse kwa chingwecho.Zingwe zofananira zimapangidwa mu opareshoni imodzi.Kupirira kwa zingwe zamawaya zokhala ndi chingwe chamtunduwu nthawi zonse kumakhala kokulirapo kuposa zomwe (zosagwiritsidwa ntchito kawirikawiri) zokhala ndi zingwe zopingasa.Zingwe zofanana zokhala ndi zigawo ziwiri za waya zimakhala ndi Filler, Seale kapena Warrington.

Kwenikweni, zingwe zozungulira zimakhala zozungulira chifukwa zimakhala ndi zigawo za mawaya omwe amayalidwa mozungulira pakati pomwe mawaya osachepera amodzi amayalidwa mbali ina ndi yakunja.Zingwe zozungulira zimatha kukulitsidwa motere kuti zisazungulira kutanthauza kuti pansi pa kukanikizana, torque ya chingwe imakhala pafupifupi ziro.Chingwe chotseguka chozungulira chimakhala ndi mawaya ozungulira okha.Chingwe chokhoma chokhoma theka ndi chingwe chokhoma chokhoma nthawi zonse chimakhala ndi malo opangidwa ndi mawaya ozungulira.Zingwe zokhoma zili ndi gawo limodzi kapena zingapo zakunja za waya wambiri.Iwo ali ndi mwayi kuti kumanga kwawo kumalepheretsa kulowa kwa dothi ndi madzi kwambiri komanso kumawateteza kuti asatayike mafuta.Kuphatikiza apo, ali ndi mwayi wina wofunikira kwambiri popeza malekezero a waya wakunja wosweka sangathe kusiya chingwe ngati ali ndi miyeso yoyenera.
Waya womangika amapangidwa ndi mawaya angapo ang'onoang'ono omangidwa kapena kukulungidwa pamodzi kuti apange kondakitala wamkulu.Waya wokhotakhota ndi wosinthika kwambiri kuposa waya wolimba wagawo lomwelo.Waya wotsekedwa umagwiritsidwa ntchito pamene kukana kwakukulu kwa kutopa kwachitsulo kumafunika.Mikhalidwe yotereyi imaphatikizapo kugwirizana pakati pa matabwa ozungulira muzitsulo zosindikizira-zozungulira-zambiri, kumene kukhazikika kwa waya wolimba kungapangitse kupanikizika kwambiri chifukwa cha kuyenda pa msonkhano kapena kutumikira;Zingwe za AC pazida zamagetsi;chida choimbirachingwes;zingwe za mbewa zamakompyuta;kuwotcherera ma elekitirodi zingwe;zingwe zowongolera zolumikiza zida zamakina osuntha;zingwe zamakina amigodi;zingwe zamakina oyenda;ndi ena ambiri.