Alloy ndi osakaniza a zinthu ziwiri kapena zingapo za mankhwala (osachepera imodzi mwazitsulo) yokhala ndi chitsulo. Nthawi zambiri zimapezeka poyambitsa matenda aliwonse mu yunifolomu yamadzimadzi kenako ndikudzikumbukira.
Ma Exos amatha kukhala amodzi mwa mitundu itatu iyi: gawo limodzi lokhazikika la zinthu, chisakanizo cha magawo azitsulo ambiri, kapena gawo la zitsulo. Micrestrussictution of the Smows mu njira yolimba ili ndi gawo limodzi, ndipo ma wambani ena pakuyankha ali ndi magawo awiri kapena kupitilira apo. Kugawako kungakhale yunifolomu kapena ayi, kutengera kutentha kumasintha nthawi yozizira. Makina ophatikizika amapezeka ndi chitsulo kapena chitsulo choyera chomata ndi chitsulo china choyera.
Ma Hards amagwiritsidwa ntchito pogwiritsa ntchito zina chifukwa ali ndi malo abwino kuposa omwe ali ndi zitsulo zoyera. Zitsanzo za ma Conloys zimaphatikizapo chitsulo, wogulitsira, mkuwa, pewster, phosphor mkuwa, mabosgam, ndi zina.
Kuphatikizidwa kwa chiloro nthawi zambiri kumawerengeredwa ndi kuchuluka kwakukulu. Ma Exos amatha kugawidwa m'malo ogwirizira kapena mawonekedwe a atomiki molingana ndi magawo awo a atomiki, ndipo gawo limodzi lokhalo (gawo limodzi), gawo limodzi) (palibe kusiyana kowonekera pakati pa magawo awiri). malire). [Chithunzi patsamba 2]
kulemeletsa
Kupanga kwa madontho nthawi zambiri kumasintha katundu wa zinthu zotheka, mwachitsanzo, mphamvu ya chitsulo ndizokulirapo kuposa gawo lake lalikulu, chitsulo. Mphamvu za kutchuka, monga kachulukidwe, kubweredwa, kudzichepetsa kwaunyamata, kukhala kofanana ndi zinthu zowoneka bwino kwa chiloro. zosiyana kwambiri. Izi ndichifukwa choti makonzedwe a maatomu mu alloy ndi osiyana kwambiri ndi omwe ali amodzi. Mwachitsanzo, malo osungunuka ndi otsika kuposa malo osungunuka omwe amapanga zitsulo chifukwa ma radio a atomiki a zitsulo zosiyanasiyana ndi zosiyana, ndipo nkovuta kupanga chilala chokhazikika.
Gawo laling'ono la chinthu china chake chitha kukhala ndi chikopa chachikulu pazinthu za alloy. Mwachitsanzo, zodetsa ku Ferromagnenetic zimatha kusintha zinthu za alloy.
Mosiyana ndi zitsulo zoyenerera, ma entros ambiri alibe mfundo yosungunuka. Matenthedwe ophuka nthawi yamanja yosungunuka, osakaniza ali mu mkhalidwe wokhazikika komanso wamadzimadzi. Chifukwa chake, zitha kunenedwa kuti malo osungunuka ndi otsika kuposa a zitsulo. Onani osakaniza a eutectic.
Mwa zina zodziwika, mkuwa ndi wodalirika wamkuwa ndi zinc; Bronze ndi cholocha cha malata ndi mkuwa, ndipo nthawi zambiri amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'magawo, zokongoletsera, ndi mabelu amipingo. Ma entlos (monga a nthito a nickel) amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa ndalama za mayiko ena.
Alloy ndi yankho, monga chitsulo, chitsulo ndi zosungunulira, kaboni ndiye soluse.